Hg
Name: Class 8 STICK TO WALL IN YOUR STUDY AREA
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The Hg Classes (8
th
to 12
th
) By: Er Hershit Goyal (B.Tech. IIT BHU), 134-SF, Woodstock Floors, Nirvana Country, Sector 50, GURUGRAM +91 9599697178.
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Comparing Quantities
Percentage:
• Percentage means “out of 100”.
• Percentage =
x 100 or Actual =
x Total
• Increase % =
x 100 and Decrease % =
x 100
Profit & Loss:
Abbreviations:
• S.P. = Selling Price
• C.P. = Cost Price
• P = Profit
• L = Loss
• P% = Profit
Percentage
• L% = Loss
Percentage
• If Selling Price > Cost Price, then we say we will have Profit , given by
Profit = S.P. – C.P.
• If Selling Price < Cost Price, then we say we will have Loss , given by
Loss = C.P. – S.P.
• In percentage terms:
P% =
x 100 or P =
x C.P.
L% =
x 100 or L =
x C.P.
Profit and Loss % are always calculated on C.P. (the original price)
Tax & Discount:
• Just like profit increases the price, tax also increases the price.
• Just like loss decreases the price, discount also decreases the price
Abbreviations:
• S.P. = Selling Price
• M.P. = Marked Price
• T = Tax
• D = Discount
• T% = Tax
Percentage
• D% = Discount
Percentage
Replacing Profit & Loss with Tax & Discount respectively and C.P. by M.P., we get:
• Tax = S.P. – M.P.
• Discount = M.P. – S.P.
• In percentage terms:
T% =
x 100 or T =
x M.P.
D% =
x 100 or D =
x M.P.
Tax and Discount % are always calculated on M.P. (the original price)
Simple & Compound Interest:
Simple Interest
Compound Interest
• S.I. =
• Amount = Principal + S.I. or
• S.I = Amount - Principal
• Amount =
•
• C.I. = Amount – Principal
